![]() Apart from challenging the validity of those important presumptions of humanism – which exists in both theistic and atheistic versions, either of which perceives a human being as a creature marked by certain distinct qualities which justify their leading position among other beings – his works also stress the fundamental role of human corporeality which intimately connects us with the world. His novels do more than just question Christian anthropocentrism, or contradict Rousseau’s theory of inherently noble and innocent human nature, or for that matter, undermine the belief in the transformative power of human progress based on Darwinism. ![]() While by no means a posthumanist writer, and regarded by critics as a classic anti-humanist, Golding seems to share surprisingly many posthumanist ideas about the human condition. ![]() The author, however, made it clear in his Nobel Lecture that he is ‘a universal pessimist but a cosmic optimist’, and while his opinion of the human as such might not be a favourable one, his pessimism about people does not transfer to the whole of reality. ![]() William Golding’s novels are famous for their bleak depiction of the human condition in which violence, dark urges, and primordial egotism prevail. ![]()
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